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teichoic acid
Teichoic acids (''cf.'' Greek τεῖχος, ''teīkhos'', "wall", to be specific a fortification wall, as opposed to τοῖχος, ''toīkhos'', a regular wall) are bacterial polysaccharides of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate linked via phosphodiester bonds.
==Location and structure==
Teichoic acids are found within the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria such as species in the genera ''Staphylococcus'', ''Streptococcus'', ''Bacillus'', ''Clostridium'', ''Corynebacterium'', and ''Listeria'', and appear to extend to the surface of the peptidoglycan layer. Teichoic acids are not found in Gram-negative bacteria. They can be covalently linked to ''N''-acetylmuramic acid of the peptidoglycan layer, to the lipids of the cytoplasmic membrane, or to a terminal D-alanine in the tetrapeptide crosslinkage between ''N''-acetylmuramic acid units. Teichoic acids that remain anchored to lipids are referred to as lipoteichoic acids, whereas teichoic acids that are covalently bound to peptidoglycan are referred to as wall teichoic acids.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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